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【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforLife-CycleCostAnalysisofCorrugatedMetalPipeUsedforCulverts,StormSewers,andOtherBuriedConduits
【原文标准名称】:涵洞、雨水管道和其它地下管道用波纹形金属管寿命周期成本分析的标准实施规范
【标准号】:ASTMA930-2003
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2003
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:A05.17
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:下水道;实施规程;系统;成本分析;周期;风暴;价值分析;成本;涵洞;金属导管;管系统;雨水管道
【英文主题词】:costanalysis;discountrate;drainagesystems;engineeringeconomics;leastcost;life-cyclecost;materialservicelife;presentvalueanalysis;projectdesignlife
【摘要】:LCCanalysisisaneconomicmethodforevaluatingalternativesthatarecharacterizedbydifferingcashflowsoverthedesignatedprojectdesignlife.ThemethodentailscalculatingtheLCCofeachalternatecapableofsatisfyingthefunctionalrequirementoftheprojectandcomparingthemtodeterminewhichhas(have)thelowestestimatedLCCovertheprojectdesignlife.TheLCCmethodisparticularlysuitablefordeterminingwhetherthehigherinitialcostofanalternativeiseconomicallyjustifiedbyreductionsinfuturecosts(forexample,operatingmaintenance,rehabilitation,orreplacement)whencomparedtoanalternativewithlowerinitialcostsbuthigherfuturecosts.Ifadesignalternativehasbothalowerinitialcostandlowerfuturecoststhanotheralternatives,anLCCanalysisisnotnecessarytoshowthattheformeristheeconomicallypreferablechoice.1.1Thispracticecoversaprocedureforusinglife-cyclecost(LCC)analysistechniquestoevaluatealternativedrainagesystemdesignsusingcorrugatedmetalpipethatsatisfiesthesamefunctionalrequirements.1.2TheLCCtechniquemeasuresthepresentvalueofallrelevantcostsofinstalling,operating,andmaintainingalternativedrainagesystems,suchasengineering,construction,maintenance,rehabilitation,orreplacement,overaspecifiedperiodoftime.Thepracticealsoaccommodatesanyremainingresidualorsalvagevalue.1.3UsingtheresultsoftheLCCanalysis,thedecisionmakercanthenidentifythealternative(s)withthelowestestimatedtotalcostbasedonthepresentvalueofallcosts.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:H48
【国际标准分类号】:03_100_50;23_040_01
【页数】:5P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:DigitalterrestrialtelevisionreceiversfortheDVB-Tsystem.Baselinereceiverspecification
【原文标准名称】:DVB-T系统用数字化地面电视接收器.基线接收器规范
【标准号】:BSEN62216-1-2002
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:2002-10-22
【实施或试行日期】:2002-10-22
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:缩写;广播;通道;数据传送;数字工程;数字信号;数字电视;数字视频广播;数字视频广播(DVB);编码;构架结构;调制;接收机;卫星通信;声传输;规范;远程通信;电信;电视;电视广播;电视接收机;电视传输;电视信号
【英文主题词】:Abbreviations;Broadcasting;Channels;Datatransfer;Digitalengineering;Digitalsignals;Digitaltelevision;DigitalVideoBroadcast;DVB;Encoding;Framestructures;Modulation;Receivers;Satellitecommunications;Soundtransmission;Specification;Telecommunication;Telecommunications;Television;Televisionbroadcasting;Televisionreceivers;Televisiontransmission;Visionsignals
【摘要】:ThispartofIEC62216specifiesthebaselinereceiverfortheDVB-Tsystem.Itconcerns:?broadcasters,and?receivermanufacturers.Theobjectiveistodefine:?howtoprovidebroadcaststhatareunderstoodbyallreceiversandenablereceiverstoprovidegoodfacilitiestotheirusers;?thebehaviourrequiredfromreceiverstoworkwellwiththesebroadcastsandtobeattractivetoconsumers.Toavoiddoubt,thewords“shall”,“should”etc.areusedinthetraditionalwaytodistinguishissuesthatareimportantversusthosethatareoptional.Theterm“shall”isalsousedtoidentifymandatoryrequirementsthatareinheritedfromotherspecificationsthathavegreaterforce.Thisspecificationdoesnotconsiderinteractiveapplicationsandthedatabroadcastingthatwouldsupportthem.SubtitlingandteletextareconsideredtobecomponentsofTVservices.Standaloneteletextservicesarenotpartofthisstandard.Thisspecificationprimarilyaddressesterrestrialdeliveryofdigitaltransmissions.ThisspecificationprimarilyaddressesdeploymentincountriesthatuseEuropeanLatinscriptbasedlanguages.
【中国标准分类号】:M74
【国际标准分类号】:33_160_25
【页数】:118P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语